Question 1

What is the main organ responsible for drug metabolism?*

A. Kidney

B. Lungs

C. Small intestine

D. Liver

Question 2

If a drug follows first-order kinetics, the rate of elimination:*

A. Remains constant regardless of drug concentration

B. Is independent of the dose administered

C. Is proportional to the dose administered

D. Increases with increasing drug concentration

Question 3

A drug that reduces the activity of an enzyme by binding to its active site is called:*

A. Competitive inhibitor

B. Allosteric activator

C. Irreversible inhibitor

D. Non-competitive inhibitor

Question 4

The therapeutic index of a drug is:*

A. The ratio between the toxic dose and the effective dose

B. The difference between the absorption and elimination rates

C. The range between the minimum toxic dose and maximum effective dose

D. The variability in patient response to a drug

Question 5

The relationship between drug dose and effect is represented by:*

A. Therapeutic index

B. Pharmacokinetic curve

C. Dose-response curve

D. Time-concentration graph

Question 6

Clearance is defined as:*

A. The volume of plasma from which the drug is completely removed per unit time

B. The rate of elimination of a drug per unit time

C. The rate of drug distribution in tissues

D. The time required for drug absorption

Question 7

What is the primary action of an irreversible antagonist?*

A. Reduces the efficacy of the agonist

B. Competes with the agonist reversibly

C. Causes receptor upregulation

D. Increases the maximum effect of the agonist

Question 8

Desensitization of a receptor is commonly caused by*

A. Competitive antagonism

B. Prolonged exposure to an agonist

C. Irreversible receptor blockade

D. Upregulation of receptor density

Question 9

Which route of administration has the highest bioavailability?*

A. Intramuscular

B. Intravenous

C. Oral

D. Subcutaneous

Question 10

What is the difference between a full agonist and a partial agonist?*

A. Full agonists block receptors; partial agonists activate receptors

B. Full agonists are more potent than partial agonists

C. Full agonists produce a maximal response; partial agonists produce a submaximal response

D. Full agonists act on multiple receptors, whereas partial agonists act on a single receptor

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