What are change occur on Fetal skull , female pelvis?
The fetal head is a tough opponent during delivery, whether it enters first or exits last. The pelvis, with its expansive embrace, is more generous than the true pelvis. During labor, both the skull and pelvis embark on a transformative journey. Knowing the fetal skull's landmarks and measurements helps show normal positions. This knowledge can lead to an easier delivery for both mother and baby, reducing trauma.
The skull is an intriguing tapestry, woven from three distinct realms: the vault, the base, and the face.
The vault, a grand dome rising above an invisible line between the eye ridges and the neck, serves as a protective canopy.
Beneath, the base’s tightly fused bones safeguard vital centers nestled in the medulla.
The face, crafted from fourteen petite bones, stands resolute in its compact unity, unyielding under pressure.
Bones of the Vault
Five key players shape the vault of the fetal skull:
A. The occipital bone, found at the rear, defines the occipital region.
B. Two parietal bones flank either side, providing symmetry.
C. The frontal bone takes center stage, forming the forehead.
Sutures and Fontanelles
Sutures, the joints of the skull, emerge where two bones intertwine. At intersections of these sutures, fontanelles blossom. Here’s a glance at the intriguing sutures:
1. Lambdoidal suture: This suture, shaped like the Greek letter lambda, separates the occipital and parietal bones.
2. Sagittal suture: Nestled between the parietal bones, it runs from front to back.
3. Coronal suture: Stretching from one temple to the other, it divides the frontal and parietal bones.
Types of Fontanelles
The posterior fontanelle, or lambda, resides where lambdoidal and sagittal sutures converge. It’s a small, triangular landmark, palpable during vaginal examination.
The anterior fontanelle, also called the bregma, is found where the sagittal, coronal, and frontal sutures meet. You can also identify it during a vaginal exam.
Landmarks of the Fetal Skull
I. Sinciput II. Occiput III. Glabella IV. Anterior fontanelle V. Vertex VI. Posterior fontanelle VII. Occipital protuberance VIII. Mentum
Together, these elements form a symphony of structure and function, harmonizing the wonders of birth.
